CS 341 - Principles of Programming Languages
Homework #7

Due: at the beginning of class 13

Note: This work is to be done in pairs. Each pair will submit one assignment. Although you may divide the work, both team members should be able to present/describe their partner's work upon request.

To submit this homework, change into the directory containing all necessary files: MiniScheme2.jj and supporting abstract syntax tree .java files, and enter the command "submit341 ms2".

MiniScheme Project Phase 2

In this phase of the project, you will extend phase 1 to include Scheme variables, define, set!, and let. Again, we will restrict ourselves at this stage to having only integers. All specifications for variable names, and basic syntactic structures conform to the R5RS specification. Additionally, the following error cases will need to be handled as follows.

When an undefined variable <variable name> is referenced, print "reference to undefined identifier: <variable name>" to the error stream and exit with code 4.
When an internal variable <variable name> is defined that has already been defined, print "duplicate identifier: <variable name>" to the error stream and exit with code 5. For example:

(define a 1)
(define a 2)  ; This is treated as (set! a 2). (R5RS p.16)
(let ()
  (define a 3) ; This creates a local variable a.
  (define a 4) ; This line is the only problem.
  a)

When an undefined variable <variable name> is set!, print "cannot set undefined variable: <variable name>" to the error stream and exit with code 6.
When let has a duplicate variable in its list of local assignments, print "duplicate identifier: <variable name>" to the error stream and exit with code 5. For example:

(let ((a 1)
      (a 2))
  a)

When evaluating a let expression with environment env:
- Iteratively evaluate the binding specification expressions with respect to env and create a list of the resulting values.
- Create a new environment (e.g. letEnv) with env as its next (outer) environment and define each of the binding specification variables to its associated value in that new environment.
- Iteratively evaluate each of the body expressions (0 or more definitions followed by 1 or more expressions) with respect to the new environment.
- Return the last expression value and the original environment env, thus discarding the new local environment.

Grammar

Grammar notes:

Non-terminals are surrounded with angle brackets "<" and ">".
Terminals (e.g. "(" and ")" are represented as themselves without quotes, unless otherwise noted below).
--> denotes a right arrow. Choices to the right of the arrow are separated by a pipe (i.e. "|").
{ }* and { }+ denote a Kleene star and plus/cross, respectively. { }? denotes an optional subexpression.

<program> --> { <definition> | <expression> }*

<definition> --> ( define <variable> <expression> )

<variable> --> <any <identifier> that isn't also a keyword>
<identifier> --> <initial> { <subsequent> }*
<initial> --> [a-z!$%&*/:<=>?^_~]
<subsequent> --> <initial> | <digit> | [+-.@]
<digit> --> [0-9]

<expression> --> <variable>
| <literal>
| <assignment>
| <derived expression>

<literal> --> <integer>
<integer> --> { + | - }? { <digit> }+

<body> --> { <definition> }* { <expression> }+

<assignment> --> ( set! <variable> <expression> )

<derived expression> --> ( read )
| ( write <expression> )
| ( newline )
| ( + <expression> <expression> )
| ( - <expression> <expression> )
| ( * <expression> <expression> )
| ( quotient <expression> <expression> )
| ( let ( { <binding spec> }* ) <body> )

<binding spec> --> ( <variable> <expression> )